IQM Spark 5-qubit quantum computer

Model: IQM Spark
Manufacturer: IQM Quantum Computers – Finland
Origin: Finland

IQM Spark is a superconducting quantum computer system specifically designed for universities, research institutes, and laboratories to support education, quantum algorithm development, and research in the NISQ (Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum) era. With a cost-effective approach, this system offers high performance, flexible integration, and an optimized design for quantum research applications.

Applications
Quantum Research
– Experiments in quantum physics and quantum device development.
– Development and testing of quantum algorithms (e.g., VQE, QAOA).

Education
– Ideal for teaching at universities (Bachelor’s, Master’s, PhD programs).
– Learning materials and guided instruction via IQM Academy.

Industrial Applications
– Optimization problems in quantum chemistry, combinatorial optimization, and quantum machine learning.

Technical Specifications
Quantum Performance
Qubit Count: 5 superconducting qubits

Gate Fidelity:
– Single-qubit gates: >99.9%
– Two-qubit gates (CZ or iSWAP): >99.5%

Coherence Times:
– T₁ (Relaxation time): ~50–100 µs
– T₂* (Dephasing time): ~20–50 µs

Qubit Frequency: 4.5–6 GHz (tunable)

Coupler: Tunable coupler optimized for crosstalk suppression

Architecture: Scalable 2D grid layout for complex quantum algorithm execution

Cryogenic System
Type: Dilution refrigerator using Helium-3/Helium-4 mixture

Operating Temperature: Below 10 mK (~0.01 K)

Cool-down Time: ~24 hours from room temperature (300 K) to base temperature (<10 mK)

Cooling Power:
– ~250 µW at 100 mK
– ~15 µW at 20 mK

Cooling Features:
– No internal vacuum chamber; room-temperature sealed joints
– No 1-K stage required
– Mechanically isolated pulse tube; vibration amplitude <10 nm
– Continuous operation up to 2 months without nitrogen trap maintenance

Operation Features
Automation:
– One-button cool-down and operation
– Remote or manual control via user-friendly interface
– Auto-recovery after power failure

Oil-Free System:
– Oil-free pumps and compressors reduce contamination risk
– Membrane-free recirculation compressor; ~3-year maintenance cycle

Physical Design
Size: Compact form factor, ~2.2 m in height; fits standard lab environments

Weight: Lightweight vacuum shell and radiation shields; managed by a single person

Open Access: Easy access to experimental space; supports integration with measurement and control tools

Control & Software System
Control Hardware:
– Integrated RF and DC signal controller with high-fidelity pulse generation
– Pulse resolution: <1 ns
– Supports up to 20 RF channels and 40 DC channels

Software:
– Compatible with major quantum platforms: Qiskit, Cirq, Qrisp, Cuda Quantum
– Supports quantum algorithm development and hybrid quantum–classical simulation
– Open API for customization and integration with classical HPC systems
– Security: Includes encryption for experiment data and secure transmission

Additional Information
Power Supply: 3-phase, 380–400 V, 50/60 Hz

Power Consumption: ~10 kW (including cryogenics and control systems)

Noise Level: <60 dB under normal operation